Chinese Spacecraft Tianwen-2 Beams Back First High-Resolution Image of Earth’s Temporary "Mini Moon" Asteroid 2024 PT5
Key keywords: Tianwen-2, mini moon 2024 PT5, Chinese deep space exploration, CNSA, asteroid imaging, interplanetary sampling mission, Earth quasi-satellite, deep space navigation technology
On June 11, 2025, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) officially released the first high-definition image of Earth’s temporary quasi-satellite 2024 PT5, widely known as Earth’s "mini moon", captured by the country’s Tianwen-2 asteroid exploration spacecraft during its interplanetary cruise phase. Launched on May 18, 2025 from the Wenchang Space Launch Site, Tianwen-2 is China’s first dedicated interplanetary mission focused on asteroid sampling and comet exploration, with a planned 10-year operational cycle covering multiple deep space scientific targets.
The newly released image was taken when Tianwen-2 was approximately 1.38 million kilometers away from 2024 PT5, and 2.1 million kilometers away from Earth. The imagery clearly shows the irregular contour of the 30-meter-diameter small asteroid against the dark deep space background, with no obvious surface debris or accompanying small objects observed in the surrounding area, providing first-hand visual data for global scientists to analyze the basic physical characteristics, surface structure and orbital state of the rare mini moon.
Discovered by astronomical observers in August 2024, 2024 PT5 is a near-Earth asteroid that has been temporarily captured by Earth’s gravitational field, making it one of the only 7 confirmed quasi-satellites of our planet. It is expected to remain in a stable co-orbital state with Earth for approximately 70 years before escaping Earth’s gravitational influence and returning to an independent solar orbit. Prior to the Tianwen-2 observation, all data about 2024 PT5 came from blurry ground-based telescope observations, with no close-up visual records available.
CNSA officials noted that the successful capture of this image not only verified the stability and accuracy of Tianwen-2’s deep space optical imaging system and autonomous navigation module, but also laid a solid foundation for the probe’s planned close flyby of 2024 PT5 in mid-July 2025, when it will collect more detailed spectral data and surface morphology information of the mini moon. After completing the flyby of 2024 PT5, Tianwen-2 will continue its 3-year journey to its primary target, the near-Earth asteroid 2016 HO3, where it will conduct a touch-and-go sampling operation to collect at least 100 grams of surface samples before returning them to Earth in 2028. Following the sample return phase, the probe will use its remaining fuel to fly to the main-belt comet 311P/PANSTARRS to carry out long-term in-situ detection research, making it one of the most complex deep space exploration missions ever designed by human beings. The release of the mini moon image has drawn widespread attention from the global aerospace community, with many astronomers pointing out that this is the first time humans have obtained close-up observation data of a temporarily captured Earth quasi-satellite, filling a long-standing gap in the study of small near-Earth objects.
Featured Comments
As an amateur astronomer who’s been tracking 2024 PT5 since its discovery last year, I’m absolutely blown away by this clear image. We’ve only had blurry ground-based telescope observations of this mini moon before, so seeing it captured by a deep space probe mid-mission is a dream come true. Kudos to the Tianwen-2 engineering team for this incredible milestone!
As a deep space exploration researcher at a European space institute, I find this first image extremely valuable for our study of temporarily captured Earth objects. Tianwen-2’s ability to capture high-resolution imagery of such a small, fast-moving object en route to its primary target demonstrates how advanced China’s deep space navigation and imaging technologies have become in recent years. I’m looking forward to the full dataset it will collect during its flyby of 2024 PT5 next month.
This is such exciting news! I’ve been following all the Tianwen missions since Tianwen-1 landed on Mars in 2021, and it’s amazing to see how China’s space program keeps hitting new, unprecedented milestones. The fact that we now have a clear image of our planet’s little temporary companion is so cool – I can’t wait to see what other discoveries Tianwen-2 makes during its 10-year mission, especially the asteroid sample return in 2028.
As a science content creator focused on space topics, this image is going to be a game-changer for explaining Earth’s quasi-satellites to my audience. Most people don’t know we have these tiny temporary moons orbiting us from time to time, and having actual footage from a spacecraft makes the concept so much more tangible for people who don’t follow astronomy closely. Great work from the CNSA team!